![]() Probably at Memphis, Alexander the Great had himself proclaimed pharaoh, wearing on his head the double crown symbolizing Upper and Lower Egypt and adopting the traditional royal title of the pharaohs. The exploitation of these resources solved the problems of financing the campaigns and provided Alexander with a magnificent base of operations to consolidate all the conquests made until then. The reasons why he set out to conquer Egypt instead of heading to Mesopotamia to confront the Persian Emperor seem clear: the natural, commercial and geostrategy resources of the country of the Nile were very important. In the nearly four months that Alexander the Great spent in Egypt, there was plenty of time to incorporate the precious country into his possessions without any great acts of weaponry. At the same time, Alexander tried to win over the people and the Egyptian priestly caste by publicly honoring the main Egyptian deities. ![]() Proof of this is that, once he was at Memphis, the sovereign celebrated his victory with Greek-style games and Sacrifices to Zeus. Therefore, it is not strange that the Egyptians received Alexander and his people with great festivities. Unlike the peoples of the Middle East, the ancient Egyptians never accepted Persian domination, so their two periods of invasion (525 – 404 BC and 343 – 332 BC) were characterized by constant uprisings and severe repression. Thus, the Macedonian conqueror seized power of the country of the Nile without engaging in combat at the end of 332 BC. Isolated in the midst of a hostile population and with no hope of receiving help from Darius III, the satrap Mazaces quickly surrendered. ![]() Before going into the heart of the Persian Empire to finish his enemy definitively, let’s see how was the stay of Alexander the Great in Egypt.Īlexander the Great in Egypt: The Saving HeroĪfter his spectacular victory at the Battle of Issues and his complex victory in the siege of Tyre, Alexander the Great had within his grasp the greatest prize he could have won during this first phase of his decade of conquest in Asia: Egypt. His short but intense life, the significance of all his military exploits, and the radical change he brought about throughout the world have led to the publication of thousands of studies on everything related to his life and work in recent centuries. Alexander III of Macedon (356 – 323 B.C.), better known as Alexander the Great, is one of the most attractive historical figures to study not only ancient history but history in general.
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